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DAS28-ESR (Disease Activity Score, 28 joints, ESR) for Rheumatoid Arthritis

DAS28-ESR combines 28-joint tender and swollen counts, ESR and the patient global health rating (0–100 mm) into a rheumatoid arthritis activity score. Thresholds: <2.6 remission, ≤3.2 low, >3.2–5.1 moderate, >5.1 high disease activity.

  • Tender joint count (28 joints) (joints)
  • Swollen joint count (28 joints) (joints)
  • Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (mm/h)
  • Patient global health (VAS 0–100 mm)
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Interpretation

ResultMeaning
< 2.6Remission
2.6–3.2Low
> 3.2–5.1Moderate
> 5.1High

Formula

DAS28-ESR = 0.56 × √TJC28 + 0.28 × √SJC28 + 0.70 × ln(ESR mm/h) + 0.014 × patient global health (0–100 mm)

Clinical pearls

  • The 28-joint count covers shoulders, elbows, wrists, MCPs, PIPs and knees; feet and ankles are excluded, so active foot disease can be missed.
  • DAS28 remission (<2.6) can coexist with residual swollen joints; ACR/EULAR Boolean or SDAI ≤3.3 remission is stricter.
  • The global health item is a 0–100 mm scale; if the patient rated 0–10, multiply by 10.

Examples

FAQ

What DAS28 score is remission?

A DAS28 below 2.6 is the conventional remission threshold; 2.6–3.2 is low, above 3.2 to 5.1 moderate and above 5.1 high disease activity.

Should I use DAS28-ESR or DAS28-CRP?

Either is valid, but DAS28-CRP usually runs lower than DAS28-ESR for the same patient, so use the same version over time.

Evidence

  1. Prevoo ML et al. Modified disease activity scores that include twenty-eight-joint counts. Arthritis Rheum 1995;38:44–8.
  2. Aletaha D, Smolen J. The SDAI and the CDAI: a review of their usefulness and validity in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2005;23(5 Suppl 39):S100–8.

General & Anthropometrics · Reviewed 2026-10-14 · Methodology