Home › Hepatology & GI › Full Rockall

Rockall Score (Complete, Post-endoscopy)

The complete Rockall score (0–11) adds endoscopic diagnosis and stigmata of recent haemorrhage to age, shock and comorbidity to predict rebleeding and death after upper GI bleeding. A score ≤2 indicates low risk (mortality ~0.1–0.2%).

Age (years)
Heart rate (/min)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg or kPa)
Comorbidity: No major comorbidity (0); Cardiac failure, ischemic heart disease, or any major comorbidity (2); Renal failure, liver failure, or disseminated malignancy (3)
Endoscopic diagnosis: Mallory-Weiss tear, or no lesion and no SRH (0); All other diagnoses (ulcer, erosions, varices, esophagitis) (1); Malignancy of upper GI tract (2)
Stigmata of recent haemorrhage: None, or dark spot only (0); Blood in upper GI tract, adherent clot, visible or spurting vessel (2)

—

Interpretation

Result	Meaning
0–2	Low risk
3–4	Intermediate
≥ 5	High risk; ≥8 carries ~40% mortality in the derivation cohort

Formula

Pre-endoscopy Rockall (age, shock, comorbidity) + diagnosis (Mallory-Weiss/no lesion = 0, all other = 1, upper GI malignancy = 2) + SRH (none/dark spot = 0; blood, adherent clot, visible or spurting vessel = 2)

Clinical pearls

Designed to predict mortality; it is less accurate for rebleeding.
Varices are scored as "all other diagnoses" (1 point) but variceal bleeding was under-represented in the derivation.

Examples

full rockall 72 yo hr 110 sbp 120 ihd duodenal ulcer visible vessel Rockall score for a 50 year old, pulse 85, BP 125, no comorbidity, Mallory-Weiss tear, clean base complete rockall 82M sbp 85 hr 115 renal failure gastric cancer active bleeding

FAQ

What full Rockall score is low risk?

A complete Rockall score of 2 or less identifies patients at low risk of rebleeding and death.

Evidence

Rockall TA et al. Risk assessment after acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Gut 1996;38:316–21.

Hepatology & GI · Reviewed 2026-10-14 · Methodology